奥拉帕尼（Lynparza）

奥拉帕尼是什么？

奥拉帕尼（发音为[哦，LAP a rib]）也被称为Lynparza。它是一种抗肿瘤（抗癌）药物，属于一种名为 PARP抑制剂，它可以单独使用，也可以与其他抗癌药物联合使用，如 贝伐单抗（Avastin）. Lynparza is a targeted anticancer therapy (a PARP inhibitor). It is not considered traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy.

What Is Targeted Therapy?

Targeted therapy is a cancer treatment designed to affect specific pathways cancer cells use to grow and survive. PARP inhibitors like olaparib work by interfering with DNA repair , which can help slow or stop tumor growth in cells.

Handling Precautions

奥拉帕尼被认为是一种危险药物，通常情况下，这些药片会被一层薄薄的涂层覆盖。如果涂层破损、脱落、熔化，或者药片碎裂，药片中的化学物质可能会对皮肤造成损伤。因此，在接收、处理、储存、服用和处置此药时，务必采取适当的预防措施。接触此药时请戴上手套，或者避免完全接触，可以使用瓶盖舀起药片，直接送入口中。

Lynparza 如何使用？

Lynparza 已获美国食品药品监督管理局 (FDA) 批准，用于治疗多种癌症，包括乳腺癌、卵巢癌、胰腺癌、前列腺癌和其他癌症。它可以与以下药物联合使用： 其他化疗药物，取决于癌症的严重程度和类型。

可用配方

Lynparza 仅提供片剂或胶囊剂型，且必须口服。片剂仅有两种规格：100 毫克和 150 毫克。胶囊剂型仅有 50 毫克规格。片剂呈椭圆形或卵圆形。100 毫克片剂为黄色，一面印有“OP 100”。150 毫克片剂为绿色，一面印有“OP 150”。胶囊剂型为白色，并标有“Olaparib 50 mg”字样及品牌标识。

使用方法

Lynparza 可与食物同服或单独服用。服用时，请整片吞服；请勿掰开、压碎、咀嚼、打开或使其在口中溶解。未经医生许可，请勿将胶囊代替药片。Lynparza 通常每日服用两次，具体剂量取决于癌症类型和严重程度。请咨询您的医生，确认正确的剂量和服用频率。

The duration of Olaparib therapy is highly individualized and depends on the specific cancer type, stage, and response to treatment. In some settings, it may be taken for a defined period, while in others, it is taken until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

漏服剂量

如果您不小心漏服了一剂，请跳过漏服的剂量，继续服用下一剂。请勿服用额外剂量来弥补漏服的剂量。

贮存

Store Lynparza tablets in a cool, dry place at room temperature and keep the bottle tightly closed.

服用 Lynparza 期间应避免什么

在接受 Lynparza 治疗期间，您必须遵循一些预防措施。请务必告知您的医生您正在服用的任何药物。 未经医生或药剂师事先同意，请勿服用任何药物（即使是草药或非处方药），因为它们可能与 Lynparza 产生显著相互作用. 在整个治疗过程中避免食用葡萄柚、葡萄柚汁、塞维利亚橙汁和塞维利亚橙子，因为它们也可能与这种药物发生相互作用。

怀孕和 Lynparza

Pregnancy status should be checked prior to starting treatment in women of childbearing age. Females of childbearing age must use effective contraception during treatment and for 6 months after the last dose. Male patients with partners who can become pregnant should use effective contraception during treatment and for 3 months after the last dose. Lynparza may cause fetal harm and is therefore not recommended for women who are breastfeeding during therapy. Breastfeeding should also be avoided for at least 1 month after the last dose.

副作用

与任何其他药物一样，服用 Lynparza 时可能会遇到许多副作用。需要注意以下几点：

• 您可能不会出现以下列出的所有副作用。许多人可能几乎没有副作用。
• 副作用的严重程度可能因人而异，因此不要将您的副作用与其他人的经历进行比较。
• 停止治疗后，大多数副作用都会改善。
• 这些副作用大多数情况下都很容易控制，只需调整 Lynparza 的剂量或使用其他药物来缓解症状即可。请咨询您的医生或药剂师，了解可用的治疗方案。
• 不要隐瞒任何症状；当您感到任何不适时，请毫不犹豫地告诉您的医生或药剂师。 

笔记: This is not a comprehensive list of all side effects. Talk to your doctor if you have questions. Some side effects are common and manageable, while others are rare but serious — your care team can help you understand your individual risk.

Lynparza 的一些最常见的副作用是： 

肺部问题 

肺部并发症如 肺炎 可能会发生。如果您出现呼吸急促（无论是否伴有发烧）、咳嗽、呼吸困难或呼吸频率加快等症状，请立即联系医生或寻求紧急医疗救助。 

继发性恶性肿瘤

Rarely, treatment with Lynparza has been associated with serious blood disorders such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Tell your provider right away if you develop unusual fatigue, frequent infections, easy bruising/bleeding, or persistent fevers.

心脏并发症

Blood clots (such as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) have been reported in some patients taking Lynparza, particularly in those being treated for prostate cancer. Seek urgent medical care if you have symptoms of a clot.  Clots may present as chest pain or pressure, coughing up blood, shortness of breath, swelling, warmth, numbness, change of color, or pain in a leg or arm, or trouble speaking or swallowing.

过敏反应

Lynparza 可引起过敏反应，包括皮疹、皮炎和血管性水肿。如有任何皮疹或过敏反应的症状，请立即告知您的医生或药剂师，包括喘息；胸闷或咽喉痛；荨麻疹、皮肤起水疱或脱皮；呼吸、吞咽或说话困难；声音异常嘶哑；或口腔、面部、嘴唇、舌头或咽喉肿胀。

尿路感染（UTI）

一个 尿路感染 在某些情况下可能会发生。如果出现血尿、排尿灼痛或疼痛、排尿量大、发烧、下腹部疼痛或骨盆疼痛等症状，请咨询医生。

骨髓抑制

It is essential to keep up with regular blood tests, especially the complete blood count test (CBC). The CBC blood test is capable of detecting potential side effects of Lynparza, including leukopenia (low white blood cell levels), thrombocytopenia (low platelet count), neutropenia (low neutrophils, a type of white blood cell), and anemia (low red blood cells). This blood work is typically required every month, or as often as your healthcare provider instructs, for the first year of therapy and periodically thereafter.

副作用较轻 可以包括：

• 恶心
• 疲劳、头晕、疲倦或虚弱
• 呕吐
• 腹泻
• 便秘
• 普通感冒症状
• 肌肉或关节疼痛
• 鼻子或喉咙发炎
• 口味改变
• 腹痛
• 食欲不振或体重减轻

防范措施

除非得到医生的批准，否则通常不建议在以下情况下使用 Lynparza： 

• 对 Lynparza 过敏的患者。过敏反应可能导致全身皮疹、呼吸急促、喘息、头晕、口周或眼周肿胀、心率加快、呼吸困难和出汗。如果您出现任何这些症状，请停止使用 Lynparza，并立即联系医生或寻求紧急帮助。
• 有肺部疾病史或出现肺炎的患者。如果确诊为肺炎，可能需要停止治疗

常见问题解答

Lynparza 是化疗剂吗？

Lynparza is a targeted therapy (PARP inhibitor). While it is an anticancer drug, it is not classified as traditional 化疗.

Lynparza 应如何服用？

Take Lynparza exactly as prescribed,  twice daily. Swallow tablets whole and do not crush or chew them. If you have questions about your specific dose or schedule, contact your healthcare provider.

奥拉帕尼有仿制药吗？

目前，奥拉帕尼尚无仿制药，仅提供品牌药 Lynparza。