Alprolix: A Comprehensive Guide to Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, and Safety

Alprolix injection is a long-acting coagulation factor IX (recombinant) used to treat 血友病B in children and adults. In this article, you will learn about its mechanism of action, dosage, side effects, cost, and more.

Before Using Alprolix

Before you receive your first dose of Alprolix for hemophilia B, inform your provider if you: 

• Are pregnant or planning to get pregnant
• 正在哺乳
• Have proteins called inhibitors, which can stop this medication from working well

警告和注意事项

过敏反应

Alprolix injections may cause allergic reactions, which can be fatal. Seek emergency medical care if you experience:

• 麻疹
• 呼吸困难
• 面部或喉咙肿胀

抑制剂（抗体）的产生

In some cases, your body can produce proteins called “inhibitors” or antibodies, which can prevent this medication from working as intended.

Your healthcare provider will likely order tests to measure Factor IX inhibitors in your blood if:

• Factor IX level does not increase as expected after starting treatment
• Bleeding does not stop with an appropriate dose

Complications Due to Blocked Blood Vessels

Factor IX products may increase the risk of a blood vessel being blocked by a circulating blood clot. The risk may be higher if you receive continuous infusions through a large vein. 

Thus, Alprolix is administered as a bolus infusion (rapid injection) over several minutes. 

Alprolix Introduction and Uses

Alprolix injection is a brand-name prescription product. It contains the active ingredient “recombinant coagulation factor IX”, also called eftrenonacog alfa. 

This medication belongs to a class known as coagulation factors or hemostatics. 

A healthcare provider may prescribe this medication for children and adults with hemophilia B to:

• 控制和预防出血事件
• 预防手术期间出血
• 减少出血频率

In people with hemophilia B, blood doesn’t clot properly, as they have a coagulation factor IX deficiency. Factor IX deficiency causes abnormal bleeding after injuries or surgery. Severe hemophilia B may cause spontaneous joint or muscle bleeds. 

Alprolix should not be used to remove inhibitors in people with hemophilia B. 

The US FDA approved Alprolix (then made by Biogen Idec) to treat hemophilia B in 2014. Currently, Bioverativ Therapeutics Inc., a Sanofi Company, makes this medication. 

This medication comes as a sterile white to off-white powder that must be reconstituted into a solution for intravenous (IV) injection. There are three components in an Alprolix kit:

• One single-dose glass vial, which contains powder of factor IX and the Fc molecule
• One prefilled syringe containing 5 ml liquid, also called a diluent
• One reconstitution device (which is used to mix the powder and liquid before administration)

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Alprolix Mechanism of Action

This medication works by replacing missing coagulation factor IX in people with hemophilia B. It comprises two components:

1. Factor IX (helps stop bleeds)
2. Fc Molecule (helps factor IX recirculate in the bloodstream)

This fusion extends Alprolix’s half-life, allowing for less frequent administration. 

Alprolix Dosing 

Before administering Alprolix for hemophilia, your healthcare provider will use a specific formula to determine the dose. Then they will prepare the medication according to the instructions in the package insert.

The dose and duration of the treatment depend on:

• 年龄
• 体重
• IX因子缺乏的严重程度
• Desired factor IX level
• Patient’s condition
• 出血部位和程度

Alprolix Dosing for Control of Bleeding Episodes

Minor and moderate bleeding: The dose is calculated to achieve a factor IX level of 30% – 60% of normal. May be repeated every 48 hours if there is evidence of bleeding. 

Major bleeding: The dose is calculated to achieve a factor IX level of 80% – 100% of normal. May be repeated after 6 – 10 hours, then every 24 hours for 3 days, then every 48 hours until bleeding is resolved.

Alprolix Dosing for Preventing Bleeding During Surgery

Minor surgery: A single infusion to achieve a factor IX level of 50 – 80 IU/dL. Repeat after 24 – 48 hours until bleeding stops.

Major surgery: Initial infusion to achieve a factor IX level of 60 – 100 IU/dL. May be repeated after 6 – 10 hours and then every 24 hours for the first 3 days, then every 48 hours until bleeding stops.

Alprolix Dosing for Routine Prevention of Bleeding Episodes

The typical starting doses are:

• For individuals 12 years or older: 50 IU/kg once weekly or 100 IU/kg every 10 days
• For individuals up to 11 years: 60 IU/kg once weekly

Children younger than 12 years may need more frequent or higher doses. For individuals 12 years or older, dose adjustment is not usually necessary.

Alprolix Proper Use

• Use this or any medication exactly as directed. 
• You will likely receive your first dose in a hospital or clinic setting. 
• Then, your healthcare provider will teach you how to prepare and self-administer this medication. 
• Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you have problems understanding any part of “Instruction for Use.”

Alprolix Storage and Handling

Before Preparing the Solution

• 存放在原包装中，避免阳光照射。
• 保持储存温度在 2°C 至 8°C (36°F 至 46°F) 之间。避免冻结。
• You may store this medication at room temperature (maximum temperature of 30°C or 86°F) for up to 6 months. The expiration date should be printed on the label.
• 如果您将此药物储存在室温下，请记录将其从冷藏中取出的日期。
• 一旦达到室温，就避免将产品放回冰箱。
• Never use Alprolix beyond the expiration date printed on the vial or 6 months after storage at room temperature.

After Preparing the Solution

• 您可以将溶液在室温下（最高温度 30°C 或 86°F）保存最多 3 小时。避免阳光直射。
• 如果配制后 3 小时内未使用，请丢弃该溶液。
• 切勿使用浑浊或含有颗粒物的溶液。
• 扔掉所有未使用的产品。

Alprolix Side Effects

副作用可能轻微或严重。 

以前接受过治疗的患者最常见的副作用包括：

• 头痛
• Tingling or burning in the mouth
• 头晕
• 疲劳
• 食欲下降
• 低血压
• Obstructed urine flow

对于之前未接受过治疗的患者，最常见的副作用包括：

• 抑制剂（抗体）的产生
• Pain, redness, or itching at the injection site
• 过敏

Alprolix Cost

费用可能因您的保险计划、所在地和药房而异。请联系您的保险公司，了解您的保险计划是否涵盖此药物，或是否需要事先授权。

Sanofi, the manufacturer of Alprolix, offers three financial assistance programs to help you access treatment:

Alprolix Free Trial Plus Program: With this program, you may be able to get a FREE 30-day supply with a valid prescription from your healthcare provider.

Alprolix Factor Access Program: This program can help you access treatment even if your insurance is interrupted.

Alprolix Sanofi Copay Program: Contact a Sanofi case manager at 1-833-723-5463.

To explore these programs or apply for copay assistance, contact our team at AmeriPharma for financial assistance.