{"id":28059,"date":"2026-02-17T12:00:34","date_gmt":"2026-02-17T19:00:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/?p=28059"},"modified":"2026-02-17T12:00:37","modified_gmt":"2026-02-17T19:00:37","slug":"tpn-after-bariatric-surgery-indications-and-potential-side-effects","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/zh\/tpn\/tpn-after-bariatric-surgery-indications-and-potential-side-effects\/","title":{"rendered":"TPN \u5728\u51cf\u80a5\u624b\u672f\u540e\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff1a\u9002\u5e94\u75c7\u548c\u6f5c\u5728\u526f\u4f5c\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Though not routinely used after bariatric surgery, TPN (total parenteral nutrition) may help certain patients with surgery-related complications and severe malnutrition.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div  id=\"call-to-action-bbaede57b838c282ce9165890261e87a\" style=\"\" class=\"ct_call_to_action\">\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"block-wrap cta\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"block-column\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cta_headings\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"cta__heading\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tGet Copay Assistance Now\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"cta_btn\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"tel:8777780318\">(877) 778-0318<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/zh\/tpn\/tpn-after-bariatric-surgery-indications-and-potential-side-effects\/#What_Is_TPN\" >What Is TPN?&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/zh\/tpn\/tpn-after-bariatric-surgery-indications-and-potential-side-effects\/#What_Is_Bariatric_Surgery\" >What Is Bariatric Surgery?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/zh\/tpn\/tpn-after-bariatric-surgery-indications-and-potential-side-effects\/#Bariatric_Surgery_Complications\" >Bariatric Surgery Complications&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/zh\/tpn\/tpn-after-bariatric-surgery-indications-and-potential-side-effects\/#When_May_TPN_Be_Used_After_Bariatric_Surgery\" >When May TPN Be Used After Bariatric Surgery?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/zh\/tpn\/tpn-after-bariatric-surgery-indications-and-potential-side-effects\/#TPN_for_Post-Surgery_Malnutrition\" >TPN for Post-Surgery Malnutrition<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/zh\/tpn\/tpn-after-bariatric-surgery-indications-and-potential-side-effects\/#TPN_for_Surgery-Related_Complications\" >TPN for Surgery-Related Complications<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/zh\/tpn\/tpn-after-bariatric-surgery-indications-and-potential-side-effects\/#TPN_for_Chronic_Intestinal_Failure_After_Bariatric_Surgery\" >TPN for Chronic Intestinal Failure After Bariatric Surgery<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/zh\/tpn\/tpn-after-bariatric-surgery-indications-and-potential-side-effects\/#What_Are_the_Side_Effects_of_TPN_After_Bariatric_Surgery\" >What Are the Side Effects of TPN After Bariatric Surgery?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/zh\/tpn\/tpn-after-bariatric-surgery-indications-and-potential-side-effects\/#Duration_of_TPN_After_Bariatric_Surgery\" >Duration of TPN After Bariatric Surgery<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/zh\/tpn\/tpn-after-bariatric-surgery-indications-and-potential-side-effects\/#TPN_After_Bariatric_Surgery_Frequently_Asked_Questions\" >TPN After Bariatric Surgery: Frequently Asked Questions<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Is_TPN\"><\/span>What Is TPN?&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/tpn\/a-complete-guide-to-tpn-therapy\/\">Total parenteral nutrition<\/a> (TPN) is a feeding method that bypasses the digestive tract. It involves administering a special formula directly into your bloodstream through a vein. The formula contains fats, sugar, protein, salts, vitamins, minerals, and water. Thus, TPN provides most nutrients your body needs to function.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Is_Bariatric_Surgery\"><\/span>What Is Bariatric Surgery?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Bariatric surgery (also called weight loss surgery or metabolic surgery) is a type of obesity treatment. It involves surgical procedures that make changes in the digestive tract. These changes can help you lose weight by:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Limiting the number of calories you can take in and absorb<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reducing hunger signals\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Bariatric surgery may be done when other weight loss treatments have failed or when you have serious obesity-related health issues. According to the <a href=\"https:\/\/asmbs.org\/\">American Society for Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery<\/a>, over 270,000 surgeries were performed in 2023 [<a href=\"https:\/\/asmbs.org\/resources\/estimate-of-bariatric-surgery-numbers\/\">1<\/a>].&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bariatric_Surgery_Complications\"><\/span>Bariatric Surgery Complications&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>While bariatric surgery can help you lose weight, it\u2019s no quick fix. Besides, it comes with potential side effects, such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Malabsorption (impaired absorption of nutrients by the small intestine)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Malnutrition (deficiency of nutrients)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gallstones (hardened deposits in the gallbladder or bile ducts)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bile reflux (upward flow of bile from the small intestine into the stomach)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bleeding<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Infection<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Blood clots<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Small bowel obstruction (blockage in the small intestine)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Anastomotic leaks (leaks from the surgically reconnected region of the intestine)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"When_May_TPN_Be_Used_After_Bariatric_Surgery\"><\/span>When May TPN Be Used After Bariatric Surgery?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>TPN isn\u2019t generally used after bariatric surgery. That said, TPN may be an option when patients have severe surgery-related complications or malnutrition following surgery.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"TPN_for_Post-Surgery_Malnutrition\"><\/span>TPN for Post-Surgery Malnutrition<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Individuals who have had bariatric surgery may have malabsorption severe enough to cause malnutrition. They may be deficient in nutrients, including [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK592383\/#\">2<\/a>]:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vitamins like A, D, B12, thiamine, and folic acid<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Minerals like zinc, copper, and iron<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Protein (often causing hair loss)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fat\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div  id=\"call-to-action-10f1e405492fd0bb7ab1295ac1747d95\" style=\"\" class=\"ct_call_to_action\">\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"block-wrap cta\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"block-column\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cta_headings\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"cta__heading\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSpeak to a Specialist\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"cta__sub__heading\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAbout Copay Assistance\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"cta_btn\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"#form\">Get Started<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Moreover, some people who have undergone bariatric surgery may develop something called \u201cfailure to thrive\u201d or FTT. This is a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by extensive weight loss, frequent vomiting, and malnutrition.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Extremely low albumin (a protein) levels in the blood are another complication associated with certain types of weight-loss surgery [<a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC12416791\/\">3<\/a>].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>TPN can help correct deficiencies and increase weight and serum albumin levels. In a 2016 study, researchers analyzed the data of 54 patients with a history of bariatric surgery who were given <a href=\"https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/tpn\/a-guide-to-home-parenteral-nutrition-for-new-patients\/\">home parenteral nutrition<\/a> (HPN).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By the end of the HPN treatment, they found that participants who received HPN had significantly higher weight gain and serum albumin levels [<a href=\"https:\/\/aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1177\/0148607116649222\">4<\/a>].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Considering these benefits, parenteral nutrition may be used to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Correct nutritional deficiencies\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Increase serum albumin levels<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Prepare patients for revisional bariatric surgery (surgical procedures after weight loss surgery to reduce side effects)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"TPN_for_Surgery-Related_Complications\"><\/span>TPN for Surgery-Related Complications<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>An anastomotic leak is an early complication associated with bariatric surgery. It can cause bowel contents to leak into the abdominal cavity, potentially leading to infection. Leakage occurs from the surgically reconnected region of the intestine.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>TPN is often the most preferred feeding method in such cases because it allows anastomotic leaks to heal by providing rest to the gut. Some healthcare providers may find TPN easier to administer than other feeding methods [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/proceedings-of-the-nutrition-society\/article\/provision-of-nutritional-support-to-those-experiencing-complications-following-bariatric-surgery\/9D43AED4B4C16A911951A4CA48F0AC5F\">5<\/a>].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"TPN_for_Chronic_Intestinal_Failure_After_Bariatric_Surgery\"><\/span>TPN for Chronic Intestinal Failure After Bariatric Surgery<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Individuals who have had weight loss surgery may be at a higher risk of developing chronic intestinal failure, which requires long-term parenteral support.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chronic intestinal failure is a long-term condition. Individuals with this condition cannot absorb the bare minimum of nutrients, water, and salts necessary to maintain health or growth. So, they require TPN for extended periods, until other remedial actions are taken.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Note:<\/strong> Chronic intestinal failure is different from intestinal insufficiency, which doesn\u2019t require parenteral support for health or growth.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In these patients, TPN is well tolerated and effective regardless of the type of weight-loss surgery [<a href=\"https:\/\/aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdfdirect\/10.1002\/jpen.2772\">6<\/a>].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Are_the_Side_Effects_of_TPN_After_Bariatric_Surgery\"><\/span>What Are the Side Effects of TPN After Bariatric Surgery?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"420\" height=\"280\" src=\"https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/tpn-side-effects.jpg\" alt=\"Patient suffering from TPN side effects after bariatric surgery\" class=\"wp-image-28062\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/tpn-side-effects.jpg 420w, https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/tpn-side-effects-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/tpn-side-effects-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/tpn-side-effects-330x220.jpg 330w, https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/tpn-side-effects-86x57.jpg 86w, https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/tpn-side-effects-167x111.jpg 167w, https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/tpn-side-effects-280x187.jpg 280w, https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/tpn-side-effects-370x247.jpg 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 420px) 100vw, 420px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ameripharmaspecialty.com\/tpn\/tpn-side-effects\/\">Side effects<\/a> experienced while receiving TPN after bariatric surgery are generally similar to those associated with TPN in other settings. These may include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nausea or vomiting<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Increased urination<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Swelling of the hands, feet, or legs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Stomach pain<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tingling in the hands or feet<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fever or chills<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mouth sores<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Skin changes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rapid weight loss or gain<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Muscle weakness<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Catheter obstruction\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Liver disease\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Osteoporosis (brittle bones)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div  id=\"call-to-action-2291f3c7b14c9324816372cba6be31ee\" style=\"\" class=\"ct_call_to_action\">\n\t<div class=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"block-wrap cta\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"block-column\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"cta_headings\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"cta__heading\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tGet Financial Assistance\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"cta_btn\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"tel:8777780318\">(877) 778-0318<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Duration_of_TPN_After_Bariatric_Surgery\"><\/span>Duration of TPN After Bariatric Surgery<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Due to limited data, it\u2019s not possible to pinpoint the exact duration of TPN therapy after bariatric surgery. Moreover, several factors can affect the duration, the most important being the condition for which TPN is used.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, TPN treatment may last several months in a patient with intestinal failure after bariatric surgery. On the other hand, patients with infection due to anastomotic leaks may need TPN for about a month or two.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"TPN_After_Bariatric_Surgery_Frequently_Asked_Questions\"><\/span>TPN After Bariatric Surgery: Frequently Asked Questions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What are the benefits of using TPN after bariatric surgery?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>TPN after bariatric surgery can help correct nutritional deficiencies, improve albumin levels, and act as a \u201cbridge\u201d for revisional surgery.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What are the dietary guidelines after bariatric surgery?\u00a0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The general guidelines recommend [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucsfhealth.org\/education\/dietary-guidelines-after-bariatric-surgery\">7<\/a>]:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Do\u2019s<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Eat a balanced diet (low in calories, fats, and sugars) with small portions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Record your food portions and calorie and protein intake daily.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Eat slowly and chew properly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Don\u2019ts<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Eat foods that are hard to chew. These include rice, bread, raw vegetables, fresh fruits, and meat.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use straws, drink fizzy drinks, or chew ice. They can cause discomfort.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Consume sugar, sugar-containing foods and beverages, concentrated sweets, and fruit juices.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>During the first 60 days after surgery, maintain your daily calorie intake between 300 and 600 calories. Don\u2019t consume more than 1,000 calories a day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is the most common cause of death after gastric bypass surgery?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Pneumonia and other respiratory conditions are most commonly associated with death after bypass surgery. Smoking, heart disease, and high blood pressure can increase the risk.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u867d\u7136\u5168\u80a0\u5916\u8425\u517b\uff08TPN\uff09\u5e76\u975e\u51cf\u91cd\u624b\u672f\u540e\u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u6cbb\u7597\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u51fa\u73b0\u624b\u672f\u76f8\u5173\u5e76\u53d1\u75c7\u548c\u4e25\u91cd\u8425\u517b\u4e0d\u826f\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u3002\u5168\u80a0\u5916\u8425\u517b\uff08TPN\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed5\u8fc7\u6d88\u5316\u9053\u7684\u5582\u517b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":36,"featured_media":28060,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":true,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[55],"class_list":["post-28059","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tpn","tag-neil-marshall"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is 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